Видимо ссылки не работают хорошо. Все-таки я добрался до доклада Сергея Казанцевым.
CHINESE COLLECTIONS IN EUROPE
(8) THE RUSSIAN STATE LIBRARY, MOSCOW
By Sergei Kazantsev
The oriental language collections of the Russian State Library (formerly Lenin State Library) are among the richest in the world. The Library has its origins in the Rumyantsev Public Library which was established in 1862 and was based on private collections. The Library's Oriental Department was set up in l944, and at present holdings in Asian and African languages number more than 500,000 items.
The Chinese collections of the Russian State Library comprise over 120,000 volumes, 640 serial titles, and 154 newspapers. The collection includes works on different branches of science, technology, literture and art, but is strongest in the humanities. About 74% of the holdings are xylographs.
The history of the Chinese collection began with the acquisition of the collection of K. A. Skachkov (1821-83) by the Rumyantsev Museum. In 1848 Skachkov was attached to the Russian Orthodox Mission in Peking as an expert in order to establish a magnetic and meteorological observatory. Having learned Chinese, he translated Chinese astronomical works into Russian, and later remained in China as a Russian Consul. The Skachkov Collection is a most valuable collection of about 1,000 voulmes of Chinese xylographs. Other xylographs came from the libraries of the Russian Diplomatic and Orthodox Missions. These are mostly works on Chinese geography, history and philosophy as well as classical Chinese literature.
The xylograph collection of the Library is extraordinarily diverse, including books in `concertina' and `butterfly' form.
The earliest xylograph in the Library is a fourteenth-century book on weiqi, of which only later editions are recorded in Chinese libraries. The Library has a number of other materials, including some formerly prohibited by imperial decree, which according to published catalogues are not extant or very rare even in China. Other holdings include palace editions, sumptuously encased in brocade covers with fastenings of ivory, jasper and coral, as well as trade editions badly printed on coarse paper, among which are priceless specimens of Chinese folklore.
Of special interest among publications acquired before the formation of the People's Republic of China are those produced during the 1920s-1940s, both in the `liberated' areas of China and the territory controlled by the Kuomintang, including illegal publications that are considered to be bibliographic rarities even in China.
Between 1956 and 1960 the Lenin State Library received about 2,500 Chinese books annually, including works by contemporary Chinese writers as well as new editions of ancient and medieval texts, but during the so-called `Cultural Revolution' (1966-69) no books were received from the PRC. At present publications are obtained from the PRC, Taiwan, Hong Kong and South-east Asia. In the mid-1980s the Oriental Department received by exchange from China about 700 volumes a year, but book-exchange has been reduced greatly due to the lack of publications printed in Russia in European languages, and acquisition has become haphazard.
The Russian State Library has only card catalogues. The Library is engaged now in the creation of an on-line catalogue, but the Oriental Department requires a local network with special software, including that for processing Chinese books. At present the Oriental Department has a staff of twelve, all of whom are both orientalists and experts in cataloguing, classification, acquisition and reference work.
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